成人學位英語易錯題型分析主要是:間接引語的錯誤,各位同學可以參考下。

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2019年成人學位英語易錯題型分析主要是:間接引語的錯誤,各位同學可以參考下。

在英語里,我們可以用兩種方法轉(zhuǎn)述人的話語。種是直接引語(The Direct Speech);第二種是間接引語(The Indirect Speech),也可叫("The Reported Speech")。

從直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語是一種表達行式的改變,不影響原意。例如:

① a. He said, "I am working now."

b. He said that he was working then.

② a. She asked me, "Do you like to sing?"

b. She asked me if I liked to sing.

③ a. "Go out!" the man said to the boy.

b. The man ordered the boy to go out.

①b,②b,③b是間接引語,其形式和①a,②a,③a不同。

間接引語是種常見的句法,用得很多。正因為用得多,出錯的機會也多。下面便是些例子:

④ He said that he would come tomorrow.

這里的副詞"tomorrow"要變成"the next day"。理由是:間接引語里的時間副詞或短語, 一般上要把其中的時間向前推,如: next day;today: that day;last night before;:before that time等。

⑤ I asked what is wrong with him.

這里的"is"要變成"was"。須知:主句"I asked"和分句"what is wrong with him"的動詞時態(tài)必須配合。既然主句的動詞"asked"是過去時態(tài),分句的動詞也要過去時態(tài)"was"。此外,動詞時態(tài)一般上也要推前,因此簡單過去時態(tài)(Simple Past Tense)要變成過去完成時態(tài)(Past Perfect Tense),如:went :had gone;left: had left.

⑥ John told her don't do that again.

這里的"don't do"要變成"not to do"才對。理由是:祈使句變成間接引語時的形式是不定式動詞:"to + verb / not to + verb",如:to come / not to come;to do / not to do.

⑦ She asked me where was I going.

這里的"was I"詞序不對, 要變成"I was"才是,因為間接疑問句(indirect question)里的詞序和敘述句一樣,是正常詞序,不是倒裝法,如:

⑧ He wanted to know who that girl was.

⑨ John asked Helen if she was free.

⑩ She asked me whether I could help her.

如果詞序是倒裝形式,就錯了:

...who was that girl.

...if was she free.

...whether could I help her.

關(guān)于間接疑問句,還有一點必須注意的是,直接疑問句里的疑問詞要照用, 如例⑧的"who"。如果沒有疑問詞,就要借重連接詞"if"或"whether"之助,如例⑨和⑩便是。